Purpose The aim of this study was to find effect of taskoriented training including aftereffect after applying low frequency (1Hz) or higt frequency (10Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on hand spasticity in stroke patients. Methods Forty patients with history of stroke and upper limb hemiparesis (age at intervention: 51.3 years, time after stroke onset: 11.3 months) were studied. Forty patients were divided into four groups; taskoriented training including aftereffect after applying high frequency (10Hz) rTMS (TIAH, n=10), taskoriented training excluding aftereffect after applying high frequency (10Hz) rTMS (TEAH, n=10), taskoriented training including aftereffect after applying low frequency (1Hz) rTMS (TIAL, n=10), taskoriented training excluding aftereffect after applying low frequency (1Hz) rTMS (TEAL, n=10). The intervention was performed for four times a week, for four weeks. Results As shown by the result of the Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS), there were significant differences on follow up test in the hand spasticity of the TIAH group, wheras there was a significant difference on during intervention (between baseline and 4 weeks) in those of the TEAL group. Furthermore, results of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) showed significant differences in all four groups. Conclusion The 4 weeks protocol of TIAH seems effective in improving hand spasticity in upper limb hemiparesis after stroke.