Purpose The purpose of this research is to identify the effect of stroke elder's role performance upon his activity competency and working participation, and to provide the basis of intervention to internalize the normal role of stroke elder. Methods This research was progressed to 35 stroke elders who entered and visited to P hospital located at S city. The assessment tools were role checklist(RC V3) to identify the role performance, occupational questionnaire(OQ) to identify the activity competency, and Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool(MOHOST) to identify the occupational participation. Results The role performance of stroke elder showed the interrelation between activity competence and occupational participation(p<.05). Also, the role performance of stroke elder had effect upon the activity competence(p<.05) and occupational participation(p<.01). Conclusion I discovered the fact that the role performance of stroke elder showed the relevance in the activity competence and occupational participation and that the role performance of stroke elder had the effect upon the activity competence and occupational participation. Therefore, I think if we put our interest in promoting and intervening the role performance for stroke elder's role internalization, it would be possible to improve the activity competence and occupational participation of stroke elder.