JCMSH

Original Article

Effects of Augmented Reality (AR)-Based Progressive Resistance Exercise on Balance and Physical Self-Efficacy Scale in Elderly Women with Sarcopenia

Sung-Hyeuk Yoon,Jin-Hee Park,Ji-Woo Hong,Dong-Wook Kim,Bu-Hyun Choi,Gun-Hee Park,Hee-Chan Lee,Jun-Hyeok Go,Jeong-Seon Kim,Won-Deok Lee,Ji-Hye Kim
http:dx.doi.org/10.17817/JCMSH.2025.29.2.5 Epub 7th July, 2025

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of augmented reality (AR)based resistance exercise on balance and physical selfefficacy in elderly women with sarcopenia. Methods Ten women aged 65 years or older with sarcopenia were randomly assigned to either an ARbased resistance exercise group (AREG, n = 5) or a general resistance exercise group (GREG, n = 5). Both groups participated in 50minute exercise sessions, three times per week, for four weeks. Outcome measures included the Functional Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), OneLegged Stand Test (OLS), and the Physical SelfEfficacy Scale (PSES). Results Four weeks of ARbased resistance training resulted in significant improvements in balance and physical selfefficacy among sarcopenic older women. Compared to conventional resistance exercise, ARbased training demonstrated superior outcomes in FRT, OLS, and PSES. Although TUG results were not statistically significant, the trend favored ARbased training. These findings suggest that real time visualauditory feedback and interactive task execution may enhance postural control and psychological confidence. ARbased exercise appears to be a feasible and potentially superior intervention for improving balancerelated outcomes in this highrisk population. Further research is needed to confirm longterm effects and transferability to gait and fall prevention. Conclusion Despite improvements in balance and selfefficacy after four weeks of augmented realitybased resistance training in elderly women with sarcopenia, significant differences emerged only in oneleg standing and selfefficacy, favoring the AR group. No betweengroup differences were found in functional reach or timed up and go. These findings suggest that AR training may enhance static balance and psychological outcomes. Future studies should explore longterm and personalized AR interventions to maximize rehabilitation benefits in this population.

Keywords

Augmented reality Balance Resistance exercise Sarcopenia Selfefficacy

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